Article Gum Disease

Gum Disease: A Silent Threat to Oral Health

What is Gum Disease?

      Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is an inflammatory condition that affects the tissues surrounding the teeth, including the gums, alveolar bone, and periodontal ligament. If left untreated, gum disease can lead to serious oral health problems such as loose teeth, tooth loss, and infections that can spread to other parts of the body.

Causes of Gum Disease

     The main cause of gum disease is plaque, a sticky film that forms on the teeth. Plaque is composed of bacteria, food debris, and other substances. If not removed regularly, plaque can harden into tartar, which is a breeding ground for bacteria that cause gum inflammation.

Symptoms of Gum Disease

      In its early stages, gum disease may not have any noticeable symptoms. However, as the disease progresses, the following symptoms may appear:

• Swollen, red, or tender gums that bleed easily, especially when brushing or flossing
• Receding gums, making teeth appear longer
• Loose teeth or gaps between teeth
• Pus coming from the gums
• Persistent bad breath

Risk Factors

     Several factors increase the risk of developing gum disease, including:

• Poor oral hygiene
• Smoking or using other tobacco products
• Diabetes
• Hormonal changes, such as during pregnancy or menopause
• Certain medications
• Genetics

Prevention of Gum Disease

     The best way to prevent gum disease is to practice good oral hygiene, which includes:

• Brushing your teeth properly twice a day
• Flossing daily
• Using fluoride toothpaste
• Visiting your dentist for regular checkups and cleanings, at least twice a year
• Avoiding smoking and using other tobacco products
• Controlling blood sugar levels if you have diabetes

Treatment of Gum Disease

        The treatment of gum disease depends on the severity of the condition. In the early stages, scaling and root planing may be sufficient to treat the disease. However, if the disease has progressed, gum surgery or other treatments may be necessary.

Gum Disease and Overall Health

          Gum disease not only affects oral health but is also linked to other health problems such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and pregnancy complications. Therefore, maintaining healthy gums is essential for overall health.